Kodi kusuta kuli ndi vuto lotani?

Ndudu, zomwe zili pamalo oyamba pakati pa fodya amene amagwiritsiridwa ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri padziko lonse, ndi chimodzi mwa zizoloŵezi zovulaza kwambiri zimene zimapha anthu oposa 5 miliyoni chaka chilichonse.

Kusuta fodya ndi chifukwa choyamba cha matenda omwe angathe kupewedwa komanso osapatsana komanso kufa chifukwa cha matendawa padziko lonse lapansi. Mu utsi wa ndudu muli mankhwala opitirira 7000, mazana ambiri omwe ali ndi poizoni ndipo oposa 70 omwe ali oyambitsa khansa mwachindunji.

Zida zambiri zovulaza monga cadmium zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabatire, mpweya wa methane womwe umapezeka wochulukirapo mmadambo, arsenic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmakampani opanga mankhwala ndipo amadziwika ndi poizoni, chikonga chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mpweya wa carbon monoxide womwe umayambitsa chitofu ndi chiwopsezo chamadzi, ndipo ammonia omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga utoto amalowetsedwa mwachindunji mthupi ndi utsi wa ndudu.

Pakati pa mankhwala oopsawa omwe ali ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri pa thanzi la munthu, chinthu chotchedwa chikonga, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo, chimakhalanso ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsa yamanjenje. Chifukwa cha chikonga ichi, osuta amakhala ndi chikonga chamatsenga mkupita kwanthawi.

Kodi Kuledzera kwa Ndudu ndi Chiyani?

Kukonda mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatanthauzidwa ndi World Health Organization kuti "munthu amawona mankhwala osokoneza maganizo omwe akugwiritsa ntchito kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri kuposa zinthu zina zomwe ankazikonda kale ndipo amaziika patsogolo kwambiri" ndipo akhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule ngati kutaya kwa munthuyo. kulamulira kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chinthu chilichonse.

Kusuta kwa chikonga, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kuledzera kwa ndudu, kumatanthauzidwa ndi World Health Organisation ngati "kusuta fodya kamodzi patsiku". Ndi kumwa chikonga, chomwe chimakhala ndi zotsatira zolimbikitsa pamanjenje, munthu amatha chizolowezi chakuthupi komanso mmaganizo pakapita nthawi.

Kuledzera, komwe kumachitika pakatha miyezi ingapo atamwa mowa komanso mmasiku ochepa oti agwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amayamba pakangotha ​​maola ochepa atagwiritsa ntchito chikonga. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa kusuta, komwe kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi mavuto ambiri azaumoyo monga khansa, matenda amtima, sitiroko ndi kupsinjika maganizo, komanso kupeza thandizo la akatswiri kuchokera kwa akatswiri omwe ali ndi vuto losokoneza bongo.

Kodi kusuta kuli ndi vuto lotani?

Kusuta kumasokoneza ziwalo zonse za thupi, makamaka mapapo, ndipo kungayambitse matenda aakulu okhudzana ndi machitidwe ambiri a thupi. Mavuto a thanzi okhudzana ndi kusuta fodya ndi zovulaza zake, zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ya munthu mmodzi pa masekondi 6 aliwonse padziko lonse lapansi, akhoza kulembedwa motere:

Khansa

Mu ndudu muli mankhwala opitilira 7000, mazana ambiri omwe ali oopsa, ndipo opitilira 70 aiwo ndi owopsa kwambiri. Kusuta fodya wachiwiri, komwe kumatchedwa kusuta fodya komanso kusuta fodya, kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi matenda ambiri a khansa, makamaka khansa ya mmapapo ndi khansa ya mmawere.

Kapena zimakhudza njira yochizira khansa. Ngakhale kuti chiopsezo cha wosuta kufa ndi matenda aliwonse okhudzana ndi khansa chimawonjezeka ka 7, chiopsezo cha imfa yokhudzana ndi khansa ya mmapapo chimawonjezeka maulendo 12 mpaka 24.

Matenda a mtima

Kusuta fodya komanso kusuta fodya ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zingapewedwe zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima. Mpweya wa carbon monoxide, womwe umapezeka mu utsi wa ndudu ndipo umayambitsa chitofu ndi poyizoni wamadzi, umachokera mmapapo kupita mmagazi.

Amamanga mwachindunji ku maselo a magazi otchedwa hemoglobin. Pamene maselowa, omwe ali ndi udindo wonyamula mpweya kupita ku minofu, amamangidwa ndi mpweya wa carbon monoxide, sangathe kunyamula mamolekyu a okosijeni ndipo mphamvu ya magazi kunyamula mpweya kupita ku minofu imachepa kwambiri.

Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa ntchito zamtima kumawonjezeka, kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa intravascular kumakwera ndipo matenda amtima amakula. Chiwopsezo cha osuta kufa ndi matenda amtima monga matenda a mtima ndi ochulukirapo ka 4 kuposa osasuta.

Matenda Opumira

Chiwalo chomwe chimakhudzidwa mwachangu komanso kwambiri ndi utsi wa ndudu mosakayikira ndi mapapo. Tar, imodzi mwa mankhwala owopsa omwe amapezeka muutsi wokokedwa, amaunjikana mmapapo ndipo amawononga minyewayi pakapita nthawi.

Zotsatira zake, mphamvu ya kupuma imachepa ndipo chiopsezo cha matenda aakulu okhudzana ndi kupuma monga mphumu ndi matenda aakulu a mmapapo (COPD) amawonjezeka. Zinganenedwe kuti chiopsezo cha COPD chikuwonjezeka ndi 8% chifukwa cha kusuta kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kuwonongeka kwa Ntchito Zogonana

Kuti maselo onse a mthupi apitirize kugwira ntchito bwino, selo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Chifukwa cha kusuta, mphamvu yonyamula okosijeni ya magazi imachepa kwambiri ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zonse za thupi ziwonongeke.

Mankhwala oopsa omwe amalowetsedwa ndi utsi wa ndudu amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa machitidwe ogonana mwa amuna ndi akazi. Mankhwalawa, omwe ali ndi zotsatira zovulaza kwambiri pa thumba losunga mazira ndi machende, ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kusabereka.

Ngakhale kusuta kumayambitsa mavuto okhudzana ndi uchembele ndi ubereki monga kupititsa padera, mavuto a placenta ndi ectopic mimba panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, kusasamba kosasintha, kufooka kwa mafupa, kutha msinkhu komanso kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha khansa yachikazi kumachitika kunja kwa mimba.

Impso Matenda

Chikonga cholowetsedwa mthupi kudzera mu utsi wa ndudu chimasanduka chinthu china chotchedwa cotinine chikapangidwa. Chinthuchi, chomwe ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zonyansa za metabolic mthupi, zimachotsedwa mthupi kudzera mkodzo, koma zimadutsa mumkodzo wonse mpaka zitatulutsidwa ndi mkodzo, ndipo pakadali pano, impso ndi ziwalo zina zimakhudzidwa kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa cha kusuta kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa impso komanso ngakhale kulephera kwa impso kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kupsinjika maganizo

Kusuta kumawononga kwambiri thanzi lamalingaliro, komanso machitidwe onse athupi. Zizindikiro za kupsinjika maganizo zimakhala zofala kwambiri mwa anthu omwe amasuta kapena kusuta fodya monga osuta fodya, ndipo makamaka kuwonjezeka kwachangu ndi kuchepa kwa nikotini kumawonjezera kwambiri kuvutika maganizo kwa munthu.

Type 2 shuga mellitus

Kusuta fodya ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtundu wa 2. Ngakhale kuti anthu omwe amasuta kale ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha 28% cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2, chiwerengerochi ndi chachikulu kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amapitiriza kusuta.

Ubwino Wosiya Kusuta

Kusuta fodya kumakhudza mwachindunji machitidwe onse a thupi ndipo kumayambitsa matenda ambiri a mthupi. Kuchepa kwa mphamvu yonyamula okosijeni mmagazi kumapangitsa kuti ma cell asamakhale ndi okosijeni ndikuwonjezera mwayi wokumana ndi mavuto ambiri azaumoyo, kuyambira matenda amtima mpaka kukhumudwa.

Komabe, atangosiya kusuta, mphamvu yonyamula okosijeni ya magazi imawonjezeka ndipo maselo onse a thupi amafika kukwanira kwa oxygen.

Nthawi ndi maubwino azaumoyo mutasiya kusuta zitha kulembedwa motere:

• Mkati mwa mphindi 20, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumabwerera mwakale; Pali kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka magazi.
• Pambuyo pa maola 8, mulingo wa carbon monoxide wamagazi umayamba kuchepa ndipo kuchuluka kwa okosijeni mmagazi kumawonjezeka.
• Pambuyo pa maola 24, chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, chomwe chimawonjezeka nthawi 4 ndi kusuta fodya, chimayamba kuchepa.
• Kumapeto kwa nthawi ya maola 48, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha kumachepa ndipo kumva kukoma ndi kununkhira kumakula.
• Kuyenda kwa magazi kumayenda bwino pakati pa masabata a 2 ndi miyezi itatu; Kuchuluka kwa mapapu kumawonjezeka ndi 30%. Kuyenda, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi kukwera masitepe kumakhala kosavuta.
• Pakati pa mwezi umodzi ndi miyezi 9, katulutsidwe kamene kamakhala mmapapo ndi mmapapo, kumachepa; Kupuma kwa thanzi kumakhala kotsimikizika ndipo munthuyo amayamba kumva kuti ali ndi mphamvu komanso wamphamvu.
• Kumapeto kwa chaka chopanda utsi, zonse za mtima ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha zimayenda bwino kwambiri ndipo chiopsezo cha matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha chimachepetsedwa ndi theka.
• Pambuyo pa zaka 5, chiopsezo cha imfa chifukwa cha khansa ya mmapapo chimachepa. Kuopsa kwa sitiroko ndi kofanana ndi kwa munthu wosasuta. Kuopsa kwa khansa yokhudzana ndi mkamwa, mmero, mmimba, kapamba, chikhodzodzo ndi impso kumachepetsedwa.

Kodi Kusuta Kumakhudza Umuna Motility?

Kusuta kumatha kusokoneza mphamvu ya umuna. Kwa amuna omwe amasuta, kuchuluka kwa umuna kumatha kuchepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti umuna ukhale wopunduka komanso kusokoneza mphamvu ya umuna. Izi zingayambitse mavuto a chonde komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wa mimba. Amuna omwe amasuta amatha kusintha umuna wawo posiya kusuta.

Pulogalamu Yosiya Kusuta

Mapulogalamu oletsa kusuta amathandiza osuta kusiya kumwerekera kwawo kwa chikonga. Mapulogalamuwa amapereka njira zothetsera kusuta, chithandizo ndi uphungu. Njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo mankhwala obwezeretsa chikonga, mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala, ndi machitidwe ochiritsira. Posankha pulogalamu yaumwini yosiya kusuta, osuta angawonjezere mwayi wawo wosiya kusuta.

Kuopsa Kwa Kusuta Uli Wapakati

Kusuta panthawi yapakati kungawononge kwambiri thanzi la mayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo. Kusuta kungapangitse chiopsezo cha kubadwa msanga, kubweretsa kulemera kochepa, ndi kuyambitsa mavuto a chitukuko cha mwana. Komanso, khanda lomwe lili mmimba limakhudzidwa ndi chikonga ndi mankhwala ovulaza, omwe angayambitse matenda aakulu kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Choncho, ndi bwino kupewa kusuta pa mimba.

Ndi Ziwalo Ziti Zomwe Kusuta Kumawononga?

Kusuta kungakhale ndi zotsatira zovulaza pa ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe a thupi. Zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu makamaka mmapapo ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya mmapapo. Zimawononganso dongosolo la mtima komanso kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, kusuta kumatha kuwononga ziwalo zambiri monga chiwindi, impso, mmimba ndi matumbo ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa.

Kodi Kusuta Kumawononga Mano?

Kusuta kuli ndi mavuto ambiri pa mano ndi mano enamel, matenda amkamwa ndi fungo. Kusuta kungapangitse mano kukhala achikasu, kufooketsa enamel ya dzino, ndiponso kungachititse kuti munthu azidwala chiseyeye. Zingayambitsenso vuto la mpweya woipa. Matenda a mano ndi ofala kwambiri kwa anthu osuta fodya, ndipo kusuta fodya kwa nthawi yaitali kungayambitse mano. Kusiya kusuta ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri poteteza thanzi la mano.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri Okhudza Kusuta

Kodi kusuta kumakhudza bwanji thanzi la khungu?

Kusuta kungawononge thanzi la khungu. Mankhwala oopsa omwe ali mu ndudu amatha kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi pakhungu ndikulepheretsa kupanga kolajeni. Izi zingayambitse kuoneka msanga kwa makwinya ndi mizere, zomwe ndi zizindikiro za ukalamba pakhungu. Kuwonjezera apo, khungu la anthu osuta likhoza kuwoneka lotayirira komanso lotuwa. Kusuta kungapangitsenso ngozi ya ziphuphu ndi mavuto ena apakhungu.

Kodi kusuta kumawopsa bwanji paumoyo?

Kusuta kuli ndi zovulaza zambiri ku thanzi. Kusuta kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya mmapapo, matenda a mtima, matenda a mmapapo (COPD), sitiroko, matenda a shuga, khansa ya mmimba, khansa ya mkamwa, khansa ya mmapapo ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya khansa. Kuonjezera apo, kusuta kumasokoneza kupuma, kungathe kufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi, ndikuyambitsa kutupa thupi lonse.

Kodi utsi wa fodya ndi chiyani ndipo umawononga bwanji?

Kusuta fodya kumatanthawuza nthawi yomwe anthu osasuta amakumana ndi utsi wa fodya. Utsi wosuta fodya umayambitsa kukhudzana ndi mankhwala owopsa omwewo ndipo ungayambitse matenda. Utsi wa fodya ndi woopsa kwambiri kwa ana, amayi apakati komanso anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lopuma kupuma. Utsi wa fodya ukhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda aakulu monga matenda a kupuma, matenda a mtima ndi khansa.

Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa kusuta ndi matenda a mtima?

Kusuta kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda a mtima. Kusuta kungayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha ya magazi ikhale yolimba komanso kutsekeka. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko. Utsi wa ndudu ungathenso kuchepetsa mpweya wa okosijeni mthupi, kusokoneza minofu ya mtima ndi kuchititsa kuti mtima ulephereke. Kusiya kusuta nkofunika kwambiri pa thanzi la mtima ndipo kungachepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Kusuta kungafunike kuthandizidwa ndi njira zamaluso mmalo odziwa zambiri. Musaiwale kupeza thandizo la akatswiri mukasiya kusuta.